11th Political Science Important Question-Answer Chapter : Freedom

1. Who wrote the book "Long Walk to Freedom"?

Nelson Mandela wrote the book Long Walk to Freedom.

2. Who fought against apartheid in South Africa?

Nelson Mandela, along with other leaders like Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu, fought against apartheid in South Africa.

3. Who is Nelson Mandela?

Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as the first democratically elected President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

4. How many years did Nelson Mandela have to spend in prison?

Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison.

5. Who is Aung San Suu Kyi?

Aung San Suu Kyi is a Burmese politician, diplomat, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who has been a prominent pro-democracy leader in Myanmar (Burma).

6. By whose satyagraha and non-violence ideology was Aung San Suu Kyi influenced?

Aung San Suu Kyi was influenced by Mahatma Gandhi's ideology of satyagraha and non-violence.

7. Who is the writer of the book “Freedom From Fear”?

Aung San Suu Kyi wrote the book Freedom From Fear.

8. “To me, the real freedom is free from fear and unless you are free from fear, you will not be able to live a dignified human life” – who said this?

Aung San Suu Kyi said this.

9. What is the meaning of the word ‘Swaraj’?

Swaraj means self-rule or self-governance.

10. ‘Swaraj’ consists of how many words?

‘Swaraj’ consists of two words: Swa (self) and Raj (rule).

11. Who wrote the book "Hind Swaraj"?

Mahatma Gandhi wrote the book Hind Swaraj.

12. Which is the motherland of Aung San Suu Kyi?

Myanmar (Burma) is the motherland of Aung San Suu Kyi.

13. What is freedom?

Freedom is the ability to act, think, or speak without unnecessary constraints or interference, enabling individuals to pursue a dignified and fulfilling life.

14. Write a resource of constraints.

A common resource of constraints is law and order, which may limit individual actions for collective good.

15. When did Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose address a student’s conference in Lahore?

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose addressed a student’s conference in Lahore in 1929.

16. Who is the proponent of the harmful policy?

Thomas Hobbes is often considered a proponent of restrictive policies, emphasizing the necessity of a powerful sovereign to prevent chaos.

17. Write the name of two negative freedom supporters.

Isaiah Berlin

John Locke

18. Write the name of two positive freedom supporters.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Amartya Sen

19. Who wrote the book "On Liberty"?

John Stuart Mill wrote the book On Liberty.

20. Who wrote the book "The Satanic Verses"?

Salman Rushdie wrote The Satanic Verses.

21. Who is the writer of the book "Ramayana Retold?

Aubrey Menon wrote Ramayana Retold.

22. Who is the writer of the book "The Last Temptation of Christ"?

Nikos Kazantzakis wrote The Last Temptation of Christ.

23. Who wrote the book "Me Nathuram Baltey"?

Nathuram Godse wrote Me Nathuram Baltey.

24. Where was Aung San Suu Kyi placed during house arrest?

Aung San Suu Kyi was placed under house arrest in Yangon (Rangoon), Myanmar.

25. Who said, “Freedom means Swaraj”?

Mahatma Gandhi said, “Freedom means Swaraj.”

26. “Freedom other than economic freedom is meaningless” – who said this?

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar said, “Freedom other than economic freedom is meaningless.”

27. What does positive freedom mean?

Positive freedom refers to the ability of individuals to realize their potential, develop capacities, and make meaningful choices in life. It emphasizes the presence of enabling conditions to achieve self-determined goals.

28. What does negative freedom mean?

Negative freedom means the absence of external constraints or interference, allowing individuals to act freely without undue control from the state, society, or others.

29. What is freedom of expression?

Freedom of expression is the right to express one's opinions and ideas freely, whether through speech, writing, or other mediums, without fear of censorship or retaliation, subject to reasonable restrictions.

30. What do you understand by the term "constraints"?

Constraints are restrictions or limitations imposed on an individual's actions, either by laws, societal norms, or physical circumstances, to ensure order, justice, or collective well-being.

31. What is harmful policy?

A harmful policy is one that restricts individual freedom, imposes unjustifiable constraints, or leads to adverse social, economic, or political outcomes. For instance, policies promoting discrimination or excessive state control harm both individuals and society.

32. Discuss negative and positive freedom.

Negative freedom is freedom from external interference, emphasizing the absence of restrictions. Positive freedom is the freedom to realize one’s potential and achieve self-determination. Both are essential for a holistic understanding of liberty.

33. Discuss Gandhiji’s concept of Swaraj.

Gandhiji’s concept of Swaraj transcends political independence, emphasizing self-rule and self-reliance at the individual and community levels. It advocates for moral and spiritual awakening, non-violence, and empowerment through truth and self-discipline.

34. Why do we need constraints?

Constraints are necessary to ensure justice, equality, and collective well-being. They prevent individuals or groups from exploiting others, promote social harmony, and protect vulnerable sections. For instance, laws against discrimination and violence serve as essential constraints.

35. What do you understand by social constraints?

Social constraints are norms, traditions, and legal frameworks that regulate individual behavior for societal welfare. While they may limit personal freedom, they often uphold justice, equality, and peace. However, unjust constraints should be challenged.

36. Is there any kind of social constraint requirement for individuals to enjoy freedom?

Yes, social constraints like anti-discrimination laws or safety regulations are necessary to create conditions where everyone can enjoy their freedom without fear or harm.

37. What should be the role of the state in protecting the freedom of the people?

The state must create a just legal framework, ensure public safety, protect minorities, and balance individual freedom with collective welfare. It should promote equality while avoiding excessive control.

38. What is meant by freedom of expression? What, in your view, would be a reasonable restriction on this freedom?

Freedom of expression allows individuals to share thoughts freely. Reasonable restrictions include prohibiting hate speech, defamation, and incitement to violence, as these harm others' rights and societal harmony.

39. Discuss the concept of freedom.

Freedom is the absence of unnecessary constraints and the ability to act, think, or speak without fear. It includes both negative (freedom from interference) and positive (freedom to achieve potential) dimensions. Freedom ensures dignity and self-expression.