9th History Important Questions

 

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📘 History Question Bank

India and the Contemporary World – Part I

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Chapter – 1 : The French Revolution

1. Multiple Choice Questions (01 Mark each)

i. Louis 16 was the king of which dynasty?
(a) Romanov (b) Windsor (c) Bourbon (d) Hapsburg

ii. When did the French Revolution begin?
(a) 1780 AD (b) 1890 AD (c) 1789 AD (d) 1960 AD

iii. What was the tithe in France?
(a) Church tax (b) Direct tax (c) Indirect tax (d) Customs tax

iv. When did women in France get the right to vote?
(a) 1946 AD (b) 1935 AD (c) 1950 AD (d) 1952 AD

v. Who was the leader of Jacobin Club?
(a) Locke (b) Thomas Paine (c) Robespierre (d) Rousseau

vi. Which are the French national colors?
(a) Blue-Green-Red (b) Yellow-Green-Red
(c) White-Blue-Yellow (d) Blue-White-Red

vii. Why did Louis 16 call a meeting of the Estates General on May 5, 1789?
(a) To impose new taxes (b) To remove taxes
(c) To punish the nobles (d) To reward the philosophers

viii. Which principle is not of the French Revolution?
(a) Equality (b) Fraternity (c) Liberty (d) Nationalism

ix. 'The Spirit of Laws' was authored by –
(a) Rousseau (b) Locke (c) Hume (d) Montesquieu

x. 'Le Père du Peuple' newspaper was started by –
(a) Jean-Paul Marat (b) Montesquieu
(c) Brissot (d) Robespierre

xi. The Estates General was convened in –
(a) Versailles (b) Vienna
(c) Versailles (Indoor Tennis Court) (d) Paris

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2. Fill in the blanks (01 Mark each)

i. 'The Social Contract' was authored by ..................
ii. The fall of Bastille is the symbol of ..................
iii. The fall of Bastille happened on ..................
iv. The National Assembly declared human rights in ..................
v. The Jacobin political party was established in France by ..................
vi. ................. book is considered the bible of the French Revolution.
vii. In 1815, ................. was defeated in the Battle of Waterloo.
viii. In 1804 AD, ................. crowned himself Emperor of France.

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3. True / False (01 Mark each)

i. The middle class was included in the third estate.
ii. Napoleon ascended the throne of France in 1804.
iii. Napoleon is considered the pioneer of modernization in Europe.
iv. The increase in bread prices in 1789 caused a severe crisis in France.
v. Napoleon was imprisoned and sent to Saint Helena Island.
vi. 'Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen' was written by Olympe de Gouges.
vii. The development of democracy began in France.
viii. The French Revolution was influenced by Montesquieu’s ideas.
ix. Before 1789 AD, the clergy and nobility had no tax exemptions.

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4. Matching (01 Mark each)

(I)

Column (A)	Column (B)
i. Rousseau	(d) The Social Contract
ii. Voltaire	(a) French Philosopher
iii. Tennis Court Oath	(e) French Revolution
iv. Tithe	(h) Indirect tax
v. Taille	(j) Direct tax
vi. Robespierre's Death	(i) 1794 AD
vii. Round	(g) Locke
viii. Rousseau	(c) Equality
ix. French Republic	(k) September 21, 1792
x. Negro	(f) Africa

(II)

Column (A)	Column (B)
i. Broken Chain	(c) Symbol of equality
ii. Bundle of Rods (Fasces)	(e) Symbol of unity
iii. Snake Biting its Tail	(b) Political form of law
iv. Eye Within a Triangle	(d) Symbol of knowledge
v. Winged Woman	(g) Symbol of hope
vi. Personified Woman	(f) Women’s liberty
vii. Red Cap	(a) Equality before law

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5. One Word / One Sentence (01 Mark each)

i. When was censorship abolished in France?
ii. Who was Marie Antoinette?
iii. Which philosopher proposed the theory of divine rights of kings?
iv. By whom was the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen prepared (1790)?
v. Who wrote 'Two Treatises of Government'?
vi. Who wrote 'Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen' (1791)?
vii. What was the period of chaos in France (1793–94) called?
viii. Who proposed ‘separation of powers’?
ix. According to Constitution of 1791, France was a ..................
x. Meaning of Convent?

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6. Very Short Answer Questions (02 Marks each)

• What was Estates?
• What is Guillotine?
• What is known as the Reign of Terror?
• Write the outcome of the Battle of Waterloo.
• What oath did the revolutionaries take in the Tennis Court?
• Who were the Jacobins? Who was their leader?
• What three principles did the French Revolution give to the world?
• Write two effects of the French Revolution.
• Meaning of 'Sans Culottes'?
• Which classes of society benefited from the Revolution?
• Which classes had to relinquish power due to the Revolution?
• Into how many classes was French society divided in the 18th century?
• What was the tax system in France?
• Circumstances of the French Revolution (any two).
• When and how was slavery abolished in France?
• Legacy of the French Revolution in 19th–20th centuries?
• Two reasons for empty treasury in Louis 16’s time.
• Jacobins: How did they spread terror?
• Importance of July 14 in France.
• Who was Rousseau? His contribution.
• Who was Montesquieu?
• Note on Directory rule.
• Philosophers who influenced French Revolution.
• Reasons for abolition of slavery.
• Condition of women in France.
• Fundamental rights mentioned by Olympe de Gouges.

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Chapter – 2 : Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution

1. Multiple Choice Questions (01 Mark each)

i. The Second International was related to –
(a) Capitalism (b) Socialism (c) Imperialism (d) Communism

ii. Who changed monarchy in Russia?
(a) Lenin (b) Putin (c) Rasputin (d) Kerensky

iii. The sturdy reformers in Russian Empire were called –
(a) Ulama (b) Jadid (c) Yuma (d) None

iv. Tsar was overthrown in –
(a) 1889 (b) 1917 (c) 1915 (d) 1919

v. First World War fought in –
(a) 1915–19 (b) 1915–18 (c) 1914–19 (d) 1914–18

vi. Tsarina was from –
(a) Russia (b) France (c) England (d) None

vii. Opposers of change are called –
(a) Radical (b) Conservative (c) Liberal (d) None

viii. Duma was parliament of –
(a) France (b) Russia (c) Germany (d) England

ix. Okhrana was –
(a) Secret police (b) Farmers’ org. (c) Church (d) Warship

x. Leader of Bolshevik Party –
(a) Stalin (b) Mussolini (c) Lenin (d) Kerensky

xi. Russian Revolution of 1917 began from –
(a) Vladivostok (b) Leningrad (c) Paris (d) Petrograd

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2. Fill in the blanks (01 Mark each)

i. Nicholas II became Tsar in ..................
ii. In Russo-Japanese War (1904), ................. was defeated.
iii. ................. is father of Bolshevik Revolution.
iv. Russia’s 1905 Revolution began from ..................
v. Karl Marx authored ..................
vi. Russian flag colors are ..................
vii. Opposers of private property are called ..................
viii. Saint Petersburg renamed as ..................
ix. In 1914, war broke between two ................. alliances.
x. Comintern formed in ..................

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3. True / False (01 Mark each)

i. Bolshevik Revolution happened in 1917.
ii. By 1920, Bolsheviks controlled most of Russian Empire.
iii. Gregorian calendar introduced in Russia from 1918.
iv. Small farmers in Russia were called Kulaks.
v. Socialists do not oppose private property.
vi. Tsar Nicholas was democratic ruler.
vii. In 1914, Tsar Nicholas ruled Russia.
viii. Collective farming = Kolhoz.
ix. After Lenin, Stalin became ruler.
x. WWI fought 1914–1918.

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4. Matching (01 Mark each)

Column (A)	Column (B)
i. Russian Revolution	(a) Source of inspiration for Russian Revolution
ii. Karl Marx	(j) France
iii. Duma	(b) Russia’s Parliament
iv. Plebeians	(h) Czech
v. Nicholas II	(d) Tsar of Russia
vi. Leo Tolstoy	(i) India (America)
vii. Tsarita Olga	(f) Tsar Nicholas II
viii. Louis Blanc	(g) Reformer in Russia
ix. October Revolution	(k) 1917 AD
x. Jadid	(g) Active sturdy reformer
xi. Secret Police	(Okhrana)

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5. One Word / One Sentence (01 Mark each)

i. Leader of Mensheviks?
ii. What is collective farming in Russia called?
iii. When did Tsar Nicholas II abdicate?
iv. Name of warship that attacked Winter Palace?
v. Who led workers on ‘Bloody Sunday’?
vi. Other name of October Revolution?
vii. “The only real revolutionary is the worker...” – Whose idea?
viii. Who said "all evils are equal"?
ix. Who ruled Russia before 1917?
x. Leader of provisional govt in 1917?
xi. When was Russian Duma dissolved?

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6. Very Short Answer Questions (02 Marks each)

• What is Duma?
• Women workers’ condition (1900–1930).
• Karl Marx’s views on capitalism.
• What was the Second International?
• Central Powers of WWI.
• Two differences: capitalist vs socialist thinkers.
• What is Liberalism?
• What is 'Kulak'?
• Stalin’s collectivization program.
• Meaning of autocratic monarchy in Russia.
• WWI’s effect on Russian Revolution.
• Two main reasons for Russian Revolution.
• Inspiration to Indians from Russian Revolution.
• What was 'April Theses'?
• Labourers’ condition in Russia.
• Meaning of Provisional Movement.
• Meaning of 'Soviet'.
• Who were 'Greens' and 'Whites'?
• Meaning of 'Cheka'.

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7. Short Answer Questions (03–04 Marks each)

• What was the Bloody Sunday event?
• Russian Revolution (1917) gave birth to new culture – explain (two points).
• Two changes by Bolsheviks after October Revolution.
• Two effects of Russian Revolution.
• Why did Tsarist rule end? (two reasons)
• Three reasons for Russian Revolution.
• Who was most affected by 1917 Revolution?
• Condition of Russia before 1917 Revolution.

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Answers

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📘 History – India and the Contemporary World Part I

Solved Question Bank

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Chapter – 1 : The French Revolution

1. MCQs (01 Mark each)

i. Louis 16 was the king of – (c) Bourbon
ii. French Revolution began – (c) 1789 AD
iii. Tithe in France – (a) Church tax
iv. Women got right to vote – (a) 1946 AD
v. Leader of Jacobin Club – (c) Robespierre
vi. French national colors – (d) Blue-White-Red
vii. Meeting of Estates General (1789) – (a) To impose new taxes
viii. Not principle of Revolution – (d) Nationalism
ix. 'The Spirit of Laws' – (d) Montesquieu
x. 'Le Père du Peuple' newspaper – (a) Jean-Paul Marat
xi. Estates General was convened in – (a) Versailles

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2. Fill in the blanks

i. 'The Social Contract' – Rousseau
ii. Fall of Bastille – Symbol of Despotism’s End / Freedom
iii. Fall of Bastille – 14 July 1789
iv. Declaration of Rights – 1789 AD
v. Jacobins founded by – Maximilien Robespierre
vi. Bible of French Revolution – Social Contract
vii. 1815 Battle of Waterloo – Napoleon Bonaparte defeated
viii. 1804 – Napoleon Bonaparte crowned Emperor

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3. True / False

i. Middle class in Third Estate – True
ii. Napoleon ascended throne 1804 – True
iii. Napoleon pioneer of modernization – True
iv. Rise in bread price caused crisis – True
v. Napoleon imprisoned in St. Helena – True
vi. 'Declaration of Rights of Woman…' – Olympe de Gouges – True
vii. Development of democracy began in France – True
viii. Influenced by Montesquieu – True
ix. Clergy & nobility had no exemptions – False (They enjoyed exemptions)

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4. Matching

(I)

i–d (Rousseau – The Social Contract)
ii–a (Voltaire – Philosopher)
iii–e (Tennis Court Oath – French Revolution)
iv–h (Tithe – Indirect Tax)
v–j (Taille – Direct Tax)
vi–i (Robespierre’s Death – 1794)
vii–f (Round – Africa/Negroes)
viii–c (Rousseau – Equality)
ix–k (French Republic – 21 Sept 1792)
x–f (Negro – Africa)

(II)

i–c (Broken Chain – Equality)
ii–e (Fasces – Unity)
iii–b (Snake Ring – Political Law)
iv–d (Eye – Knowledge)
v–g (Winged Woman – Hope)
vi–f (Personified Woman – Women’s Liberty)
vii–a (Red Cap – Equality before Law)

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5. One Word / One Sentence

i. Censorship abolished – 1789
ii. Marie Antoinette – Queen of France, wife of Louis XVI
iii. Philosopher of Divine Right – Jacques Bossuet
iv. Declaration of Rights (1790) – National Assembly
v. 'Two Treatises of Government' – John Locke
vi. Declaration of Rights of Woman (1791) – Olympe de Gouges
vii. Chaos period (1793–94) – Reign of Terror
viii. Separation of powers – Montesquieu
ix. Constitution of 1791 – Constitutional Monarchy
x. Convent – Religious institution for nuns

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6. Very Short Answers

(संक्षिप्त मुख्य बिंदु दिए गए हैं)

• Estates – French society divided into 3 classes: Clergy, Nobility, Commoners.
• Guillotine – Device for beheading.
• Reign of Terror – Period (1793–94) under Robespierre, mass executions.
• Battle of Waterloo outcome – Napoleon defeated by Duke of Wellington (1815).
• Tennis Court Oath – Not to disperse until Constitution framed.
• Jacobins – Radical political club led by Robespierre.
• Three Principles – Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.
• Effects – End of feudalism; inspiration for world democracies.
• Sans Culottes – Common poor people (without knee-breeches).
• Beneficiaries – Peasants & middle class.
• Relinquished power – Clergy & Nobility.
• Society divisions – Three Estates.
• Tax system – Clergy/nobles exempt, burden on commoners.
• Circumstances – Empty treasury, high taxes, food shortage.
• Slavery abolished – 1794 (later reinstated, finally 1848).
• Legacy – Inspired revolutions in Europe & world democracy.
• Empty treasury – Costly wars, lavish lifestyle of royalty.
• Jacobins spread terror – Mass executions, strict laws.
• July 14 – National Day, fall of Bastille (1789).
• Rousseau – Philosopher, author of Social Contract.
• Montesquieu – Philosopher, separation of powers.
• Directory rule – Five-member executive (1795–99), weak govt.
• Philosophers – Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire.
• Slavery abolished – Demand of Revolutionaries + economic needs.
• Women’s condition – No political rights, fought for equality.
• Rights by Olympe de Gouges – Equality, property, liberty, political rights for women.

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Chapter – 2 : Socialism in Europe & Russian Revolution

1. MCQs

i. Second International – (b) Socialism
ii. Changed monarchy in Russia – (a) Lenin
iii. Reformers called – (b) Jadid
iv. Tsar overthrown – (b) 1917
v. WWI fought – (d) 1914–1918
vi. Tsarina was from – (c) England (German origin, Hesse)
vii. Opposers of change – (b) Conservatives
viii. Duma parliament of – (b) Russia
ix. Okhrana – (a) Secret police
x. Leader of Bolsheviks – (c) Lenin
xi. 1917 Revolution began – (d) Petrograd

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2. Fill in the blanks

i. Nicholas II became Tsar – 1894
ii. Russo-Japanese War – Russia defeated
iii. Father of Bolshevik Revolution – Lenin
iv. 1905 Revolution began – Bloody Sunday
v. Karl Marx authored – Das Kapital / Communist Manifesto
vi. Russian flag colors – White, Blue, Red
vii. Opposers of private property – Socialists
viii. St. Petersburg renamed – Petrograd
ix. 1914 War between two – Alliances
x. Comintern formed – 1919

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3. True / False

i. Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 – True
ii. By 1920, Bolsheviks controlled Russia – True
iii. Gregorian calendar 1918 – True
iv. Small farmers = Kulaks – True
v. Socialists oppose private property – True
vi. Tsar Nicholas democratic ruler – False
vii. Tsar Nicholas ruled in 1914 – True
viii. Collective farming = Kolhoz – True
ix. After Lenin, Stalin became ruler – True
x. WWI fought 1914–1918 – True

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4. Matching

i. Russian Revolution – (a) Inspiration for world revolutions
ii. Karl Marx – Author of Das Kapital (basis of socialism)
iii. Duma – Russia’s Parliament
iv. Plebeians – Commoners (comparative term from Rome)
v. Nicholas II – Tsar of Russia
vi. Leo Tolstoy – Russian writer
vii. Tsarina Olga – Wife of Tsar Nicholas II
viii. Louis Blanc – French socialist thinker
ix. October Revolution – 1917
x. Jadid – Reformers in Russia (Muslim modernists)
xi. Secret Police – Okhrana

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5. One Word / One Sentence

i. Leader of Mensheviks – Julius Martov
ii. Collective farming in Russia – Kolhoz
iii. Tsar Nicholas II abdicated – 1917
iv. Warship attacked Winter Palace – Aurora
v. Leader on Bloody Sunday – Father Gapon
vi. Other name of October Revolution – Bolshevik Revolution
vii. Idea of “worker has nothing to lose” – Karl Marx
viii. “All evils are equal” – Jean Jacques Rousseau
ix. Ruler before 1917 – Tsar Nicholas II
x. Provisional govt led by – Kerensky
xi. Russian Duma dissolved – 1906 (and many times later)

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6. Very Short Answers

• Duma – Russian Parliament (1905).
• Women workers – Long hours, low wages, harsh conditions.
• Karl Marx – Critic of capitalism, advocated socialism.
• Second International – Socialist organization (1889).
• Central Powers – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria.
• Difference – Capitalists support private property, socialists oppose.
• Liberalism – Belief in freedom, democracy, reforms.
• Kulak – Rich peasants in Russia.
• Collectivization – Stalin’s program, collective farms (Kolhoz).
• Autocracy – Absolute power of Tsar.
• WWI effect – Economic crisis, food shortage → Revolution.
• Two reasons for Revolution – Autocracy, economic misery.
• Inspiration to Indians – Equality, socialism, anti-imperialism.
• April Theses – Lenin’s program in April 1917.
• Labourers – Exploited, poor living conditions.
• Provisional Movement – Temporary govt after Tsar abdication.
• Soviet – Workers’ councils.
• Greens – Peasants; Whites – Counter revolutionaries.
• Cheka – Secret police of Bolsheviks.

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7. Short Answer

• Bloody Sunday – 22 Jan 1905, peaceful workers shot in St. Petersburg.
• New culture (1917) – Socialist ideas, end of monarchy, worker control.
• Changes after October Revolution – Land to peasants, withdrawal from WWI.
• Effects – Rise of communism, spread of socialism.
• End of Tsarist rule – Military failures, food shortage, autocracy.
• Reasons for Revolution – Autocracy, poverty, war, inequality.
• Most affected – Aristocracy & Tsarist rulers.
• Condition of Russia (pre-1917) – Poverty, autocracy, exploitation, unrest.

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